George Santos walks toward text from his bios.

See the evolution of lies in George Santos’s campaign biography

Updated Dec. 1 at 12:19 p.m.Originally published Jan. 27, 2023

This week the House did something it has never done in modern times: expel one of its own members.

Embattled freshman Rep. George Santos (R-N.Y.) was expelled on Friday in a bipartisan vote, following a scathing House Ethics Committee report released two weeks ago that described how Santos, allegedly, used thousands of dollars of campaign money on luxury and designer goods from Sephora and Hermes, as well as on OnlyFans, a subscription site that contains adult content.

Santos has not been convicted of a crime but faces 23 charges by federal prosecutors mainly linked to his campaign spending and fundraising. He has denied any wrongdoing and will not seek reelection, effectively ending one of the shortest and most scandal-plagued tenures in congressional history. So who exactly is George Santos, the man who allegedly fabricated an entire campaign biography for personal gain?

Santos introduced himself to the world in 2020 when he first ran for Congress. By the time he was elected in November 2022, his campaign website had described him as a highly educated Wall Street financier whose family fled the Holocaust and mother escaped 9/11 and who also found time to rescue cats and dogs.

By December, journalists began discovering that most of his biography was untrue. Here’s a look at how Santos defined and redefined himself in his biography on his campaign website. Below is an analysis of how that biography was rewritten from 2020 through 2023.

Three versions of George Santos’s campaign

‘About’ page included fewer and fewer

biographical details

Family

Current

(as of Jan. 25)

As of

Nov. 2020

As of

Nov. 2022

Details

about his

family

Claims to be

the grandson

of Jewish

immigrants

fleeing

persecution;

later removed.

Personal and philanthropy

Current

(as of Jan. 25)

As of

Nov. 2020

As of

Nov. 2022

About

himself

Removes

mentions of

philanthropy

References philanthropic efforts

Work experience

Current

(as of Jan. 25)

As of

Nov. 2020

As of

Nov. 2022

About

his work

No references to

his VP position

“...one of the

youngest vice

presidents

in the industry”

Education

Current

(as of Jan. 25)

As of

Nov. 2020

As of

Nov. 2022

Removes

mention of

Baruch

College

About his

education

Claims he

attended

Baruch

College

Three versions of George Santos’s campaign ‘About’

page included fewer and fewer biographical details

Family

Current

(as of Jan. 25)

As of

Nov. 2020

As of

Nov. 2022

Details

about his

family

Claims to be

the grandson

of Jewish

immigrants

fleeing

persecution;

later removed.

Personal and philanthropy

Current

(as of Jan. 25)

As of

Nov. 2020

As of

Nov. 2022

About

himself

Removes

mentions of

philanthropy

References philanthropic efforts

Work experience

Current

(as of Jan. 25)

As of

Nov. 2020

As of

Nov. 2022

About

his work

No references to

his VP position

“...one of the

youngest vice

presidents

in the industry”

Education

Current

(as of Jan. 25)

As of

Nov. 2020

As of

Nov. 2022

Removes

mention of

Baruch

College

About his

education

Claims he

attended

Baruch

College

Three versions of George Santos’s campaign ‘About’ page included fewer and fewer

biographical details

Personal and

philanthropy

Family

Work experience

Education

Current

(as of

Jan. 25)

As of

Nov.

2020

As of

Nov.

2022

As of

Nov.

2020

As of

Nov.

2022

As of

Nov.

2020

As of

Nov.

2022

As of

Nov.

2020

As of

Nov.

2022

Current

Current

Current

Details

about

his

family

About

himself

About his

education

About

his work

Claims to be

the grandson

of Jewish

immigrants

fleeing

persecution;

later removed.

Removes

VP position

Removes

mention

of Baruch

College

Removes

mentions of

philanthropy

Claims he

attended

Baruch

College

“...one of

the youngest

vice presidents

in the industry”

References

philanthropic

efforts

Three versions of George Santos’s campaign ‘About’ page included fewer and fewer biographical details

Family

Personal and philanthropy

Work experience

Education

As of

Nov. 2020

As of

Nov. 2022

As of

Nov. 2020

As of

Nov. 2022

As of

Nov. 2020

As of

Nov. 2022

As of

Nov. 2020

As of

Nov. 2022

Current

(as of Jan. 25)

Current

Current

Current

Details

about his

family

About

himself

Removes

mention

of Baruch

College

About his

education

About

his work

No reference

to his VP

position

Removes

mentions of

philanthropy

Claims to be

the grandson of

Jewish immigrants

fleeing persecution;

later removed.

Claims he

attended

Baruch

College

“...one of the youngest

vice presidents in

the industry”

References

philanthropic

efforts

Santos’s evolving story sparked legal inquiries and threatens to weaken one of Washington’s most powerful figures — Santos flipped a swing district on Long Island, helping give Republicans control of the House.

But with only a four-seat majority and unruly right flank, newly installed House Speaker Kevin McCarthy (R-Calif.) is not eager to alienate Santos, risk his own speakership, or give Democrats a chance to win back a seat.

While lawmakers avoid him, journalists chase him and one-time supporters back home say he should quit, Santos is ignoring them all and signaling he will run for reelection in 2024.

Family

Origin story based on his mother Fatima Devolder

Illustration showing highlighted sections of the biography over time

Like superheroes, candidates tell an origin story, often times by describing their families. Santos’s family story mainly focuses on his mother.

As of November 2020, the website said his mother was born in Brazil to Belgian immigrants who “fled the devastation of World World II.” And it said his father “grew up in Brazil.”

Two years later the story said his grandparents “fled Jewish persecution in Ukraine,” before they “settled in Belgium” and then “fled persecution during WWII.” And Santos’s father was now described as having “Angolan roots.”

But a week after the New York Times and Jewish Insider published stories casting doubt on this biography, this part of Santos’s campaign website was changed to delete references to Ukraine, Belgium, “Jewish persecution,” “Angolan roots” and even Brazil.

Perhaps no New York event sparks as many emotions as the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks. On the eve of Santos’s election, his website said his mother was in the South Tower and “survived” it.

But news reports in January 2023 showed she was not in New York during the attack. As of Thursday the claim remained on the site.

Personal and philanthropy

From philanthropic financier to vague businessman

Illustration showing highlighted sections of the biography over time

As of November 2020 Santos’s site claimed he founded a nonprofit and rescued thousands of dogs and cats. During 2022, those details vanished and were replaced with a vague statement that is nearly impossible to fact-check.

Santos’s site once claimed “He and his family” helped children with Epidermolysis Bullosa and “they have been proud financers” of organizations helping children around the world. During 2022 the story was changed to focus on “America’s veterans.”

Santos’s site claimed his philanthropy helped animals, “at-risk children” and veterans. By late December 2022, claims of helping animals were erased from the site. The following month Patch reported he had stolen money from a homeless veteran’s dying dog. Santos has denied the claim.

Work experience

From Wall Street to word salad

Illustration showing highlighted sections of the biography over time

Santos’s work history once sparkled with impressive accolades. It was replaced with bland financial jargon and empty space.

In his first run for Congress, Santos’s site described in detail an impressive academic record and meteoric rise in the finance industry.

“George Anthony” had “quickly advanced” at Citigroup, was “offered” jobs at a tech company and Goldman Sachs, and eventually became “one of the youngest vice presidents in the industry.”

Before his victory in 2022, many of those details disappeared. “George” was “a seasoned Wall Street financier and investor” who worked in “capital introduction” and still claimed he was “one of the youngest vice presidents in the industry.”

The claims were greatly scaled down after news reports in December 2022 showed he worked at a Dish Network call center instead of Citigroup and Goldman Sachs.

Education

College degree to nothing at all

Illustration showing highlighted sections of the biography over time

As of November 2022, Santos’s site said he graduated from Baruch College, located in Manhattan.

After the Times’s initial story about him, the claim disappeared.

For a few months in 2020, the site described him as a promising young student who was thwarted by financial hardship at one of New York’s most prestigious prep schools.

The name of the school was removed before a spokesman for that school said Santos never attended.

During his campaigns Santos attacked liberal Democrats, some of whom, like Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-N.Y.), have the kind of up-from-their-bootstraps biography he seemed to want to hide from.

Santos has apologized for “having embellished my résumé,” and claimed he has “lived an honest life.”

About this story

The analysis of the “about” section in George Santos’s campaign website is based on captures available on Wayback Machine, which archives websites over time. In the story, versions of the Republican congressman’s biography labeled “As of November 2020” or “As of Nov. 2020” reflect the status of the Santos’s site as of Nov. 3, 2020. Those labeled “As of November 2022” or “As of Nov. 2022” use the Nov. 4, 2022, archived version. These are the last captures archived before Election Day in those years. The current version of the “about” section was reviewed on Jan. 25.

Based on the captures, The Washington Post observed two major rewrites on Santos’s biography. The first one happened sometime between April 27 and Oct. 14, 2022. The second one was around Dec. 27, 2022. The exact timing of the changes is unclear because captures are taken at irregular times.

Editing by Kevin Uhrmacher, Madison Walls and Kainaz Amaria. Illustration by Elena Lacey, using a photo by Jonathan Ernst/Reuters. Copy editing by Dorine Bethea.